Scientific reports

Below is just a few in the vast selection of international scientific papers, which all support the use of the KeepWalking pedometers.

Evaluation of a commercially available pedometer used to promote physical activity as part of a national programme. Clemes SA, O´Connell S, Rogan LM, Griffiths PL

Abstract som publicerats på Pub Med British Journal of Sports Medicine online maj 2009-06-08

Studien jämförde precisionen på Silva stegräknare som använts i Step O Meter-programmet i England.

I laboratoriemiljö jämgördes steg på Silva stegräknare med de verkliga stegen (räknade för hand). I en free living miljö bar försökspersonerna en stegräknare av typen NL 1000 (som visat sig klara Yamax kriterier) och en Silva samt en accelerometer av typen Actigraph under en dag. Steg som registrerades av Silva och NL1000 jämfördes med Actigraph. Felprocenten jämfördes hos normalvikltiga, överviltiga och hos obesa.

Felprocent hos NL Yamax var 9% och hos Silva 36.3%. Signifikant skillnad i felprocent på Silva befanns förekomma i alla BMI grupper; normalviktiga 21% överviktiga 40% och fetma 59,2%.

Sammanfattning: Silva stegräknare är oacceptabelt inkorrekta för att främja fysisk aktivitet speciellt hos överviktiga och obesa. Stegräknare är ett utmärkt hjälpmedel men användandet av inexakta, icke validerade stegräknare rekommenderas inte eftersom detta riskerar att leda till frustration hos användarna, låg följsamhet till interventionen, ge motsatt effekt och avog inställning till stegräknare som metod och därmed påverkar kommande hälsosatsningar.

Objective monitoring of physical activity in children: considerations for selection instrument McClain JJ, Tudor-Locke C Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports online December 2008

A new Scientific American article makes a review of the research situation. The aim is to be guideline when choosing a pedometer / accelerometer to measure children's physical activity. 30 out of 34 articles included in the article used the Yamax / KeepWalking LS 2000/7000 pedometers. For adults Yamax pedometers is already researchers' first choice.

Physical Activity on Precription. Studies on physical activity level, adherence and cardiovascular risk factors. Kallings L. Thesis Karolinska Institutet 2008

This thesis has evaluated the effect of physical activity on prescription

Physical activity on prescription in combination with the Yamax / KeepWalking LS2000 increased the physical activity level 2-3 times in a 6-month follow-up study of older obese persons. In two of thesis article Yamax / KeepWalking LS2000 has been used since it (again) has proved to be the most reliable on the market.

From a methodological part of the thesis "Yamax pedometers were chosen as it has been shown to be the most accurate in the fire-to-brand comparisons"

BMI referenced cut-points for pedometer Determined steps per day in adults. Tudor-Locke, Bassett Jr, Rutherford, Ainsworth, Chan, Crocteau, Giles-Corti, Le Masurian, Moreau, Mrozek, Oppert, Raustorp, Strath, Thompson, Whittt-Glover, Wilde, Wojicik. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2008 [5] Suppl 1. S126-S139.

This article provides recommendations for how many steps per day adults should walk to keep their weight. These recommendations are made by Yamax SW 200/700 / ie KeepWalking LS 2000/LS7000.

Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health: a systematic review Bravata et al. Journal of the American Medidcal Association 2007; 298: 2296-2304

A meta-analysis of 24 studies (8 RCTs) shows that using pedometers plus putting up realistic goals and write a diary are increasing the physical activity by 26.9% over a period of 18 weeks. 2767 individuals were included in the study, 85% women. In addition to increased physical activity the average reduction of BMI (0.38) and systolic blood pressure (3.8 mmHg) was significant. The majority of those studies were carried out with Yamax SW200/700 ie KeepWalking LS2000/7000.

Evaluation of quality of commercial pedometers Tudor-Locke C, Sisson B, Lee SM, Craig CL, Plotnikoff RC, Bauman A Can J Public Health 2006; 97 Suppl 1:S10-5, S10-6

This study compared the quality of a common and widely spread Kellog pedometer vs Yamax SW-200 (KeepWalking LS2000). 53% of the Kellog pedometers passed the 20 step test compared with 100 % of the SW-200. The article concludes that Kellog pedometers are unacceptably inaccurate and suggest the following quality criteria for pedometers:

• Sensitivity threshold 0.35Gs (as in SW-200 = Keep Walking LS2000) • Detect + 1 step in a 20 step test (within 20%) • Detect + 1% step error during threadmill walking 80 m per minute. • Be within 10% of the Yamax SW-200 during free living conditions heter.

Pedometer determined step count guidelines for classifying intensity in an ostensibly healthy young population Tudor-Locke C, Sisson B, Collova T, Lee S, Swan, P. Can J Appl Physiol 2005; 30: 666-676.

The purpose of this study was to determine the intensity categories (easy, moderate, hard) in the number of steps per minute, in order to be used in recommendation 30 minute walk in at least moderate intensity.

Method: 50 healthy 18-39 year olds walked on walking-band in 3 different speeds with the Yamax SW 200 (KeepWalking LS 2000). Steps and oxygen uptake were measured.

Results: Steps per minute, which gives at least moderate intensity is calculated to 96 steps per minute for women or 107 steps per minute for men. Converted to daily life that will be about 100 steps per minute or about 3,000 steps for a half hour brisk walk.

BMI-referenced standards for recommended pedometer determined steps/day in children. Tudor-Locke, C, Pangrazi P, Corbin C, Vincent S, Rutherford W, Raustorp A, Tomson M, Cuddihy T. Prev Med 2004; 38: 857-864

This article gives preliminary recommendations in steps-per-day for children's weight control. The recommendations are based on Yamax SW-200 (in Scandinavia sold by KeepWalking as LS2000).

Comparison of pedometer and accelerometer measures of activity of free living physical activity. Tudor Locke C, Ainsworth BE, Thompson RW, Matthews CE.

Med Sci Sport Exerc 2002^a; 34: 2045-2052. The article shows very good agreement between Yamax SW200 (Keep Walking models LS2000/LS7000K) and accelerometers, when counting the total amount of physical activity over seven days.

Pedometer measures of free-living physical activity: comparison of 13 models. Schneider PL, Crouter SC, Bassett DJ Jr. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004; 36: 331-335.

The article concludes that Yamax SW-200 (Keep Walking model LS2000/ LS 7000K) were most accurate in step-counting. The validity between models of the same brand was exceptional high for models LS 2000/LS7000K.

SBU: Methods to promote physical activity (literature review) [2006-11-27]

Here are the summarized results of the SBU's (National Council on Technology Assessment) systematic literature review on methods to promote physical activity. The report is not about the relationship between physical activity and health, but on the ability of different methods to help increase physical activity.

SBU's conclusions:

Advice

• Advice to patients in everyday clinical environment helps to the increased the physical activity by 12-50 percent in less than six months of counseling time (Evidence Grade 1).
• An increased frequency and intensity of counseling through repeated contact over several months leads to a further increase in the physical activity level (Evidence Grade 3).
• Counseling supplemented with eg prescription of physical activity, diary, pedometer, or a brochure leads to a further 15-50 percent increase of the physical activity level (Evidence Grade 3).

Report No: 181 Issue: November 2006

International Congress on Physical Activity and Public Health Atlanta USA

10 years ago in Atlanta, The Surgeon Generals Report on Physical Activity and Health was presented. It is a summary of research on how physical activity affects our health. The recommendations on physical activity that was stated are mostly relevant even today.

In order to receive health benefits, we should, collect at least 30 minutes of moderately intense physical activity every day. An activity that we can engage in 10 minute intervals. (3 x 10 min). This is equivalent to half an hour's brisk walk a day.

At the 10 year anniversary of this milestone. 900 scientists from 44 countries went through the last decade's research and presented new research.

Pedometers is the perfect tool to help increase this kind of physical activity. The Yamax SW-200, which in Scandinavia is sold as KeepWalking LS 2000 competently dominates research field and were used in the new reports presented.

Few pedometers are good enough [2005-11-28] A Karolinska Institutet have examined five models that are common on the Swedish market, including sports stores, pharmacy's and in various "step-competitions" for business.

The pedometers have been compared to the "Golden Standard-pedometer" SW-200 as in Scandinavia are sold by Keep Walking under the name LS 2000 / LS7000k.

Compared with our LS2000 the averting fault was between 14 - 30%, excluding Omron which deviated 5%.

From the Swedish Sports Medicine 4 / 05^th Source: Stegräknarprecision i naturlig miljö. Johansson T, Larsson K, Stenport U Karolinska Institutet Sjukgymnastprogrammet.